Adding device.



G. G. HARRIS.

ADDING DEVICE,

APPLICATION FILED Mmo, 190s,

935355 'Eatentd Sept, 28, '1969.

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CARL C. HARRIS, OF ORANG, Ill/[ASSltCIIUSET'IS.v

ADDING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent. ,Patented Sppt, (2S, 1905),

Application tiled March 30, 1908. Serial No. 424,234.

To all whom it may concern:

-Bc it known that l. t`\in. Hninns, a citizen oi theyUnited lStates` residing at Orange, in the county of Franklin and State ot Massachusetts, have invented a`new and useful Adding Device. ot' which the following is a specification.

This invention relates `to a register or accountant which is capable ot use in several ways.

The principal objects of the invention are to provide a simple and convenient.V con- `struction which will be inexpensive tomake and so constructed that several separate counting devices may be mounted adjacent to each other on a card or the like, and in Stich relative position that when an addition is completed in one column necessitating the ciirrying of one in the neXt, the two operations can be performed by moving a stylus or the like twice in closely .adjacent positions and in the same direction, so that` household and other accounts may be kept and adding and subtracting operations performed in a convenient manner.

Another important object ot' the invention is to so construct the device that'it may be operated and read from the same side, which permits the use ot' two series otl registering devices arranged back to back. This results in economy ot' space and manufacturing cost. f

Further objects and advantages of the invention will appear hereinafter.

Reference is to be had'to the accompanying drawings which show certain forms of the invention, and in which- Figure l is an elevation of a form suitable for a pocket cash register. Fig. 2 is a similar view on an enlarged scale showing certain modifications which render the device suitable for a pocket adder in which both sides of the device are employed. Fig. 3 is' a sectional 'view through the center ot' one of the disks in `Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a similar view on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.- Fig.

' 5 is an elevation of a calculator which n'iay lie-used for numbers having-several figures, and Fig. (S is a sectional view ot' the saine on the line (3-t3`of Fig. 5. l

The. form ot' the invention shown iu Fig. l is illustrated as comprising a casing l() which may 'be carried in the pocket, and which is provided with a iange oi" border 1l under which'the edges ot' the register l2 are held. The register may be made to be withdrawnt'roln the casing it desired upon moving it to the right in Fig'. l. and the casing is adapted to be folded over to cover vthc ent-ire device. 'lhe register itselt' may bc made ot sheet metal. celluloid. card-board. or

y. any convenient material, and is shownas having a plate 13 provided with eyelets or the like 14 by which a series ot' disks 1.3 are rotatably mounted on the plate. These disks are designed to be turned for the purpose ol' registering and adding numbers or for an'v 'similar purpose. and in order that the adding operation may be performed accuratctv and rapidly without the necessity ol au v manual adjustment on the part of the operlator, they are constructed in the following wayz-llaeh of the `disks is provided with two contrasting sections lt and 1T. ln order to give the propel' contrast these sections are preferably colored differently, and l shall hereafter refer to thc section lt as the light section, and the section 1T as thc dark section. The disk is dividedby radial lines 18 into twenty spaces. 'lhese spaces, ot course, are arranged in a circle. 'Eleven ol. the lines 18 are in the dark section and nine in the light, section. Extending over the disks is a cover or outer plate 2t)l having a series of curved openings 2l registering with theI spaces between the lines 1H and exposing teu of the spaces. but. eleven ol the lilies bounding thein. 'l'hcse openings are terminated at their ends by walls 12; which' constitute stops. The disks are provided with perforations 23 so that .a sharp pointed instrument 33 may lbe inserted at any exposed point, and the disk turned until thc instrunienty engages one of thc stops. ln oi'der to provide for readily showing how t'ar the disk is turned in this manner the outeil plate is provided with a scale :4 having numerals along the curved opening, spaced at the same I being shown for uniformity, although it is not required. Now in order tio register the operations of the disks 'they are provided with a seresot characters, preferablydigits 25, preferably located just inside. tlie'contrasting spaces 16 and 17 'and running t'roni zero to nine. 'lheeover 2() is provided with an opening .t' ctmveinently lix'fa'ted to expose one of these digits at all times, ln the form shown the opening 2o is loeated at about 9() degrees trom both ot' the stops 2Q. and eonsequently the zero olA the series ot' numbers Q5 is lorated at about Ut) degrees from the boundary between the dark and the light spares. 'l`wo or more ot these disks are pret'- orablv loeated :side by side` as indieated in Fig. l. so that'merrtbers ot' two or more tigurel may he `tied. ln operation the disk is plaeed so tiitt tbe spaee ot' one rontrasting eolor` tor example. the light one. as'that Covers the Smaller number ot'I division lines, is exposed. Thisbrings the two division lines 1S at the ends of the dark seetion opposite the two zero point-s on the seale 2l. lt also brings the '/,ero on the seale '2.3 behind the openine' Qt'. ow with all the disks set in this \a at zero: suppose it is desired to add the. numbers fr. and T5. 'l`he disk eorresponding with the tens eolumn: that is. the second one t'rom ythe right` is first manipulated byl introdueing the pointed instrmnent on the division line whit-h is opposite the division Si and turned to the right until it brings up against the stop. This brings the mnnber t) on the seale 23 in the opening '26. Now the instrument is inserted at l on tbey units disk and tul'ned in the same wav until 'the number J2 inthe two openings at tbe right. Now to add'i'. plat-e the sharp pointed instrument in tht` opening inthe tens disk opposite the. lnnnber T: but now it will be seen that it does not rome on the light set'- tion ot' the disk` but on the dark seetion. 'lbis shows a 'eoi'tliitg to the present s'vstem that the ligure to be added will earry the same thrt'iugh the Zero point and in order to aeeomplishthis. the disk must he turned in the opposite diret-tion. that is to the-lett. until the instrument brings up against the opposite stop. whirh bl'ings` the number t3 behind the opening '36. 'hen the. instru- :ment eomes on the dai'k or shaded portion ot' the disk it indieates that the disk is to be operated in the opposite diret'tion` and that there is one to earry, eonsetpientlv. the operator moves the pointed instrument aeross the short elear spaee between the adjat-ent 'ends ol the seeond and third disks and inserts it in the seeond opening from the right in the I' third` or hundreds disks to bring the numeral liunder that disk and vmoves it upwardly to the right. thus` turning thatV disk to the opening 2G. Now it remains to add the 5 tothe units eolnmn as bet'ore. giving -the sum 16T. Hubtraetion' ma)v be done in an obvious manner. t

lt is tovbe observed that in earrving one` tl;e stylus has to be moved :it-ross a small spat-e only` and then it is moved upwardly in the direetion ot its last motion in the next disk or opening to the right., although the result. ot' these motions isto turn the. two disks may be seetion (in this in-l eleven division lilies or holes and that the lines or holes at the end of this seetion will just be visible at tbe ends of the ereseent slots when the disks are set at zero.' This is essential in the present speeitie embodiment of the invention beeause of thtl tat-t that' the first operation from zero must always be made on the lightseetion and that` the same number of divisions or holes on the dark seetion must be brought into view in the slot as are obst-tired by the operation on the. light seetion. This arrangement also requires that the semiwireular row ot' ten digits'f shall begin with at the middle division linel of the earr vl .seetion and terminate with t) near the middle ot'` the other seetion, the remaining portion of the eii'ele being blank to show the error at onee if the disk be operated in the wrongtdireeton. 'l`his eonstrnetion is important for a further rasointo wit` that I am enabled to bring both the ereseent or 'operating slots. and .the sight-openings on the same side of the eover or frame. lt will be observed t'urther that with my invention the number ot parts. the number of operations. and the amount ot' printing are redueed toa mininnun. 'l`be ehanees ot' errors are also redut-ed to a mininuinl not onl v beeause the operating slots and sightLt-xpenings are on the same side ot the holder but. also bet-anse the ronstruetion enables the use ot'l but a single set ot' registering digits 25 so arranged that they lap over from the 'arry-l seetion to the other seetion aml thus leave a blank tell-tale Aspaee to apprise the operator ot a turn of the disk in the wrong direction. this error4 being the most usu'al one in that type ot' registers involving the use of independently-operable o|ipositel v-turning registering disks.

ln order to enable tbe operator to know whieh wav to turn the disks t\\o`indirators 2i() and Ztl are employed. eat-h eousisting of a spare eolored like one ot" the set-tions lt', 1T. and eat-h having lneans t'or indieating whit-h way the disk is to be turned when on the t-'olor orrespomling with that indieator. ()ne ot them also` as Zit indieates that one is to he earried, this may be speeitied in the register near the indieator 3l if desired.

It will be observed thaty the openii gs 21 and :2li are on the same side ot' the eover 20, so that the deviee is operated and read t'iom sol semana the same side. This is an important feature because it permits Athe use of a double disk'as hidicated in Fig. 4. ln this case there is a disk on each side of the central wall-or par` tition 13,and there are two outside covers 20. They are both constructed in the same way as that shown in Fig-` l, and obviously the device may be only half as large as that in two tongues extending in diierent directionsbetween the two disks.

The form shown in Figs. 5 and 6 represents a counting device provided for a large number ot columns; otherwise it is the same as before, and need not be placed in a case, and is shown having a scale thereon.

in Fig. l a holder 34 is shown integral with the casing l() for receiving the instrument 33, which, by the way, may be an ordinary pencil. 4 v

-While l have illustrated and described certain forms in which the ii'rvention may be embodied,- l am aware that many modifica.- Xtions may be made therein by persons skilled in the art without departing' trom the scope ott-he invention as expressed in the claims. Therefore, l do not wish to ne limited to the l nrfilcnlar details of construction shown, but

li .ein 'adding device comprising a series of diskseach `i'inountetil to rotate in either direc'- tion having a` complete ircle of divisions thereon; and having the d gits from zero to ninearranged thereon in a semi-circle, the remainder ot' the circlebeing blank, a. cover having a semi-circular opening concentric with said. circle of divisions and alwaysexposing one more than halffof the divisions, and having an opening for exposing one of said digits, and means for indicating which way the disk is to be turned to add the digits, said digits and last named opening being so arranged relatively to each other that it the disk is turned inl the Wrong direction thatfact will be indicated by said blank space on the disk appearing ander the second opening.

An adding device compI ng a disk mounted torotate in either dire non, having divisions arranged thereon on the arc of a circle. a cover yhaving a. cui opening concentric with said 'arc for expr .ng a-plurality of' said divisions and havi a vsmall opening, and meansfon the dish .tor indicating the sum produced by' turn'. the disk in the right direction and for showing the error it' it has been turned in the wrong direction, said means consisting of an arcuate series of digits extending only part way around the disk and in position to be seen one at a time through the small opening when the disk is turned in the right direction.

In an adding device, the combination of a plate,l a series of rotatable disks mounted on cach slde thereof, each having a series of numerals thereon, means integral with the plate vv4for engaging .said disks on both sides of thel plate and frictionally holding them Yagainst accidental displacement in both directions and allowing them to bc turned by force in either direction, and two covers, one on each side of the'plate, each cover covering one series' of disks and having'v openings through which the disks of one scries'may be seen, and perforations through which said numerals on the same series of disks may be seen.

4. As an article of manufacture, an adding device comprising a plate having a series of substantially semicircular openings arranged cndto endpeach having a series of digits from 1 to 9 arranged along the same with a zero at each end and the lowest digits on the right, the extreme left end .of cach of said openings being substantially parallel with and closely adjacent to the extreme right end of the next opening to the left and separated from 'it by a shortI clear space, and a. disk having divisions under each opening and visible therethrough, said disks being rotatable in both directions.

5. ln an adding device, the combination of a` plate provided .with a plurality of nearly semi-circular openings arranged in alinemcnt, and each having a series of digits from zero to f) extending along the same, and

' be in the same direction as the motion necessary to add one in ksaid next left-hand opening.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand, in the presence' of two subscribing witnesses.

l einen o. HARRIS.

lVitnesses: I'An'rLnY R. VALKER, llanera) lV.v BA kan. 

